Vibratory hair clipper



Feb. 20, 1923. y 1,446,210

y A. C. REID VIBRATORY HAIR CLIPBER Filed June 2'?, 1921 2 sheets-sheet l Feb. 20, 1923.

A. C. REID VIBRATORY HAIR CLIPPER Filed' June 2'?, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented F eb.. 20, 1923.`

ALEXANDER C. REID, OF GENOA, ILLINOS.

VIBRATORY HAIR CLIPPER.

' Application sled June 27,1921. seriai No. 480,733.

l 'o all 1li/om 'it may concern.

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER C. REID, la citizen of the United States, residing at State useful Improvement in Vibratory Hair Clippers, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to hair clippers and more particularly to vibratory hair clippers, wherein the movable blade is reciprocated by the vibration of the armature of. an electro-magnet.

It is a purpose of the present invention to provide a hair clipper of the character referred to above, wherein the armature is vi'brated by the alternations of current flowing through the magnet coils from a sourcev of alternating current'.

It is a further purpose of the invention to provide a hairfclipper operated by the means referred'to above, wherein the coils of the electro-magnet are arranged longitudinallyof or in the direction vof the longitudinal axis of the clipper, whereby longer coils land larger wire can be used than if the coils extended transversely,thus I'educing the heating effect of the current fluctuations in the coils and core.

It is a further purpose of the invention to provide a hair clipper wherein one of the blades is stationaryy and the other blade is movable, and to so mount the movable blade that the forward edgev thereof will move substantially parallel to the forward edge of the stationary blade. It is still a further purpose of the invention to provide a clipper of the character set forth wherein the distance of the armature from the coils is adjust-able, preferably by movingthe coils relative to the armature, the armature being mounted on a lixed pivot. It is, of the invention to provide means for making saidadjustment from the outside of the clipper..

It is also an object of the inventionito provide a movable blade!Y that is spring mounted so that a spring tension is used for holding said movable blade in engagement with said stationary blade and to'- provide means for adjusting the tension on said tension device.

moreover, a purposemovable blade from the outside ofthe device.

lIt is a further object of the invention to provide an electrically actuated hair clipper wherein the movement of the vibratory armature is substantially perfpendicular tol Y the movement of the blade.

It is another object ofthe invention to provide a hair clipper wherein the means Vfor applying tension to the movable blade is independent of the driving mechanism for the blade, whereby the tension on the blade can be adjusted without affecting the driving mechanism and whereby the move ments of the driving mechanism do not interfere with the proper functioning of the It is afurther and importantpurpose of the invention to provide a rigid armature that is pivotally mounted on a fix pivot, instead of a spring mounted armature.

It is a specific purpose of the invention to provide a hair clipper with a vibratory armature that is connected with the movable blade carrying member at one end thereof by means of a driving arm, and to provide a driving spring for moving said blade and its associated parts in a direction opposite that in which it is actuated by the electromagnet associated therewith, said driving' spring being connected to said blade carrying member at the end opposite said arm and having its opposite end connected to said casing, said springend driving arms eX- tending substantially parallel.

It is a further purpose of the invention to provide a clipper wherein the movable blade reciprocates with great rapidity, thus causing the same to cut more evenly without pulling the hair. With a cycle currentthe blade will reciprocate 7200 times per minute. As the length of the teeth in the blades necessary to cut without pulling the hair can be varied in substantially inverse proportion to the number of reciprocations of the blade, much shorter teeth can be used in the blades of a clipper of my construction lthanl in clippers where the blades reciprocate more slowly. As a resuit` itis substantially impossible to clog the teeth in my clipper by running the same too rapidly over the hair, this clogging being due to forcing too much hair between the teeth of the blades. The blades with shorter teeth would not allow such a large number of hairs to enter between the same as to interfere with the operation of the device.

lt is another object of the linventionto provide spring means between the casing of the clipper andthe coilsof the electromagnet to prevent rattling of said coils in the casing.

Other objects and advantages of the 1n vention will appear as the description of the accompanying drawings lproceeds. However, ll desire to have it distinctly understood that Ido not intend to limit myselt` to the exact details shown or described in` the specification, but that ll intend to include as part of my invention, all such obvious changes and modifications of' parts as would occur to a person skilled in this art and as would fall within the scope of the claims.

ln the drawings: 1

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a hair clipper made in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof with the cover removed;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view thereof with the cover in place;

Fig. 4 is a section 4--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the armature and blade holding block and the connections between the same showing a blade in cross section adjacent thereto and Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the blade tensioning means.

Referring in detail -to the drawings the improved electrical. hair clipper comprises a casing having a bottom plate 10 having side flanges 11 and 12 and a Harige 13 turned upwardly at the'rear of said bottom platel10 to form the rear wall of thevcasing.. rlhe thereof taken on line lforward end portion of the bottom member 10 is inclined as at 14 to provide a seat for the fixed plate 15 of the clipper or cutter, said plate 15 .being of screws or other securing Mounted within the casing magnet comprising the solenoids devices 16.

is an electro- 17 and 18 which extend longitudinally of the casing and within which extend the legs 1-9 and 20 of a substantially lll-shaped core member having the bight portion or bridging portion 21. The coils 17 and 18 are mounted between the end plates 22 and 23, saidv end plates lbeing ,substantiallyrectangular as will be clear from Figs. 1 and 2. The sidel flange 12 is provided with a pair of abutnients 24 which vservie as bearing members for the members 22 and'23, and which also space the, coils from the' side flange 12 and cause the same `-tobe .located as 'near as possible to the side held in place by means' rateale 11 for a purpose which will be later described. 'llhe side flange 12 is provided with an ear or lug 25 in which is mounted the` pivot pin 26 on which is pivotally mounted the armature 27. The rear wall portion 13 of the casing has a collar or sleeve-like member 28 -extending through an opening therein, said collar or sleeve 28 being provided with flanges 29 and 30 at opposite sides of' the wall 13, and said collar 28 being internally threaded to engage the screw threads on the rod 31 which is riveted or otherwise secured to the angle member 32, whichhas one leg 33 thereof secured to the core 21 by means of screws 34, as will be clear from Figs. 1 and 2. Said core is laminated, as will be clear from Fig. 1. lt will be seen` that by turning the sleeve or collar 28 the electro-magnet comprising the coils 17 and 18 can be moved toward and away from the armature 27 so as to adjust the same relative to the armature. The rod 31 is provided with a lock nut 35 to hold the parts in adjusted position.

Secured rigidly to the armature 27 is the driving arm 36, said arm extending substantially at right angles to the armature, and having an .offset end portion 37 connected to the main body portion of the member 36 by a diagonally extending portion 38, which portion 37 is secured to a block 39 which is adapted to carry the movable plate 40. The opposite end of the armature 27 has the diagonally extending brace 41 secured there to, said brace being rigidly secured to the offset end portion 37 of the member 36 by means of riveting or in any other -manner, the same being shown in the drawings as being secured by means of a rivet 42.

rll`he clipper plate is provided vwith elongated openings 43 into which' the lugs 44 on the block 39 are adapted to extend. The block 39 has the member 37 pivotally secured thereto, and at the opposite end thereof is provided a pivot ear 45 to which is secured one end of the spring 46, the other end of which is riveted over or secured in any other suitable manner at 47 to the side flange 11. Centrally of the block 39 is provided a recess 48 within. which the end portion of the spring 49 extends, the opposite end of' the spring 49 being mounted on a laterally extending ear 50 of the member 51 which is mounted on a pivot pin 52 which. is riveted to the bottom plate 10, and which swivelly carries a collar 53 at the other end' thereof, said collarbeing externally screwthreaded as at 54 and engaging with internal screw threads 55 in an opening in the cover plate 56 of the casing. llt will be seen as themeinber 53 is turned, the tension en, the spring, 49 can be adjusted, being either increased or decreased dependent upon whether the collar 53 is turned inwardly or 'outwardly relative' to the cover plate 53.

lt will also be seen that While the tension.

means 49 is entirely housed in the casing the adjusting means 53 extends outside the same, and that when the cover plate 56 is removed the adjustment of the adjusting means will not be disturbed. As the tension means 49 extends under the link 41, the tension means will be held-from falling out of the casing by said link when the cover plate is removed.

The cover plate 56 is provided with a down turned end portion 57 which substantially closes the opening between the movable plate 4() and the cover plate 56, said cover plate being also provided with openings at the rear end thereof through which extend lscrews 58 which are adapted to engage with screw-threaded openings 59 in the ears 60 formed on the rear end wall 13 of the casing. The forward end of the cov-er plate is secured in place by means of screws 58 extending through openings in the ears 60 formed on the side flanges 11 and 12. On the inner face of the cover plate 56 is secured by means of the rivets 61 the spring 62. said spring being provided with bent end portions which are adapted to engage with the blocks or plates 22 and 23 on the ends of the coils to force said coils into engagement with the bottom plate 1() so as to prevent rattling thereof in the casing.

The stationary plate 15 is provided with teeth 63 and the movable plate is provided with similar teeth 64, said teeth being substantial duplicates and in the position of the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2 being substantially in alignment. In operation the armature 27 is drawn toward the coils of the magnet with each alternation of the current and is returned between the alternations tothe position shown in Fig. 2 by 'means of the spring 46. Thus a very rapid vibration of the armature takes place. As the armature is connected with the plate carrying block 39 by means of the driving link 36, the spring 46 Will return the armature to the position shown in Fig. 2. Also due to the driving link 36, the block 39 carrying the movable plate 40 will be thrown to the left in Fig. 2 and due to the spring 46 will bereturned to the right as shown in Fig. 2. Thus a very rapid reciprocating movement of the plate carrying block and consequently of the plate takes place, there being the same number of reciprocations there are fluctuations in the current.

It will be seen that the spring 46 and the link 36 are substantially parallel and that consequently7 the movement of the movable plate will be substantially parallel to the forward edge of the lixed plate and the forward ends of the teeth of the movable plate will travel substantially parallel to the for'- wzird edge of the teeth of the fixed or stationary plate. By mounting the coils 17 and 18 so as to extend longitudinally of the casing a longer coil can be used, and in order to obtain the same number of lines of force for the magnet a longer coil can be wound with larger size wire than a short coil, thus reducing the heating effect of the current on the coil and on the core within the same.

It will also be noted that both the armature 27 and the core 21 are laminated. It will also be noted that the tension device is independent of the operating mechanism and that the armature is pivotally mounted on a rigid pivot and is itself made of rigid material instead of being spring mounted.

The electromagnet is preferably Iprovided with angles secured to the member 22 and having binding screws 71 by means of which the leads 73 and 74 extending from the cable 75 are secured to the terminals of the windings of the magnet.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by U. S. Letters Patent is:

1. A device of the lcharacter described, comprising a casing, a stationary blade mounted in said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transverseil7 of said stationary blade, means for reciprocating said blade comprising an electro-magnet, an armature adapted to be vibrated thereby, 'and means for guiding the movement of said reciproeating blade so that the forward edge of said last mentioned blade moves parallel to the forward edge of said stationary blade, said guiding means comprising a link for driving said blade from said armature'.

2. A device of the character described. comprising a casing, a stationary blade mounted in said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said stationary blade, means for reciprocating said blade comprising an electro-magnet, an armature adapted to be vibrated thereby, and means vfor guiding' the movement of said reciproeating blade so that the forward edge of said last mentioned blade moves parallel to the forward edge of said stationary blade, said Vguiding means comprising a pair of substantially parallel guide members at opposite ends of said reciprocable blade.

3. A device of the character described comprising a support, a reciprocable blade mounted on said support, and means for reciprocating s aid blade comprising an electro-magnet, and an armature adapted to be vibrated thereby. said magnet and said armature being relatively adjustable.

4. A device of the character described comprising a support, a reciprocable blade mounted on said support. and means for reciprocating said blade comprising an electro-magnet, and an armature pivotally mounted on said support and adapted to be vibrated by said magnet, said magnet being longitudinally adjustable relative to said support so as to adjust the same relative to Said armature.

5. A device of the character described comprising a support, a reciprocable blade nally ,of 'said support and being longitudinally slidable relative thereto so as toadjust the spacing of the same fromsaid armature.

6. device of the character described comprising a support, a reciprocable blade mounted on said support, and-means for reeiprocatingdsaid blade comprising an electro-magnet, and an armature pivotally mounted on said support and adapted to be vibrated by said magnet, saidmagnet being provided with coils extending longitudinally of said support and being longitudinally slidable relative thereto so as to adjust the spacing of the same from said armature, and means extending outside said casing for adjusting the position of said magnet.

7. A device of the character described comprising a casing having a cover member, a blade fixed relative to said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said first mentioned blade, means for reciprocating said blade, adjustable tension means within the casing for pressing said blades into engagement and adjusting means extending outside said casing, said tension means being held Within said casing independently of said cover. y

8. A device of the character described, comprising a casing having a cover member, a blade fixed relative to said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said casing, means for reciprocating said blade comp-rising an electro-magnet and an armature, tension means Within the casing for pressing said blades into engagement andA adjusting means for said tension means eX- tending through said cover member.

9. A device of the character described, comprising a casing having a cover member, a blade fixed relative to said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said4 casing, means for reciprocating said blade, tension means within the casing for pressing said blades into engagement and ad justi'ng means for said tension means extending through said cover member, said adjustn ing means being independent of said means for reciprocating said blade. y

10. A. device of thea-character described comprising a support, a blade'fiXed relative to said sup-port, amovable blade cooperating therewith and, means Jfor moving lsaid naeaaio blade comprising an electro-magnet, an armature adapted to be acted on by said electro-magnet to move said blade, and a driving connection between said armature and blade, said driving connection moving said blade at right angles to the direction of movement of said armature.

11. A device of the character` described comprising a support, a blade fixed relative to said support, a reciprocable blade cooperating therewith and means for reciprocating said blade comprisingva'n electro-inagnet, an armature adapted to be vibrated by said electrosmagnet to move said blade, and a driving connection .between said armature and blade, said driving connection moving said blade substantially at right angles to the direction of movement of said armature.

12. A device of the character described comprising a support, a blade fixed relative to said support, a blade mounted to move transversely of said firstmentioned blade, tension means Within said casing for lholding said movable blade in engagement with said fixed blade, a vibrating armature, an electroniagnet'lfor actuating said armature and a driving connection between said armature and said movable blade, said driving cony nection being independent of said tension means.

13. A. device of the character describedl comprising 'a support, a blade fixed relative thereto, a movable blade cooperatingwith said first mentioned blade, and means for moving said blade comp-rising an electromagnet, an armature cooperating therewith, and a driving connection between said movable blade and said armature for guiding the movement of said blade,`said armature being pivotally mounted on said support by means ofa rigid pivot. y l

k,14. A device of the character described comprising a support, a blade fixed relative thereto, av movable blade cooperating with said first mentioned blade, and means for comprising a support, a blade fixed relative thereto, a blade movable transversely of said first mentioned blade, a movable blade car-V ics iio moving said blade comprising an electroizo rying member and means for actuating said bladel carrying member comprising a driving arm secured to said member at one end thereof and an actuating spring attached to the vopposite end thereof.

- 16. A; -device of the character described comprising a support, a blade fixed .relative thereto, a blade'movable transversely of said first mentioned blade, a movable blade cararm secured to said member at one end thereof, an actuating spring attached to the opposite end thereof, an electro-magnet, and an armature actuated thereby, said armature having said driving arm connected thereto,

17. A device of the character described comprising a support, a blade-fixed relative thereto, a blade movable transversely of said first mentioned blade, a movable blade carrying member and means for actuating said blade carrying member comprising a driving arm secured to said member at one en .thereof and an actuating spring attached to the opposite end thereof, said actuating spring and said driving arm extending at substantially right angles to said blade carrying member in substantially parallel relation.

18. A device of the character described comprising a casing, a movable blade mounted on said casing, and means for moving said blade comprising an electro-magnet and an armature coo erating therewith, said casing being provi ed with means to hold Ysaid electro-magnet from rattling therein.

19. A device of the character described comprising a casing, a movable blade mounted on said casing, and means for moving said blade comprising an electro-magnet and an armature cooperating therewith, said casing being provided with a spring engaging said electro-magnet to yieldingly hold said electro-magnet from rattling therein.

20. A device of the character described comprising a support, a blade having short teeth fixed on said support, a second blade having similar teeth mounted to reciprocate transversely of said first mentioned blade and means for imparting rapid reciproca`- tions to said. blade comprising a plvoted armature and an electro-magnet actuating said' armature, said electro-magnet being operated by alternating current to obtain actuations of said armature of `high frequency, whereby clogging of said teeth is y prevented.

'net being 21. A device of the character described comprising a casing, a movable blade mounted on said casing, and means for moving said 'blade comprisingan electro-magnet and an armature cooperating therewith, said magprovided with terminals carried by said magnet to which the leads from a source of current may be detachably secured wheretially parallel to the forward edge of the' fixed blade.

23. A device of the character described, comprising a casing, a stationary blade mounted in said casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate transversely of said stationary blade, means for reciprocating said blade comprising an electromagnet, an armature adapted to be vibrated thereby, a blade carrying block, and means for guiding the movement of said reciprocating blade so that the forward edge of said last mentioned blade moves parallelto the forward edge of said stationary blade, said guiding means comprising a pair of substantially parallel guide members connected to opposite ends of said block. j

24. A device of the character described comprising a support, a reciprocable blade mounted on said support, means for reciprocating said blade comprising an electromagnet, and an armature adapted to be vibrated thereby, and means for adjusting said magnet relative to said armature.

25. A device ofthe character described comprising a casing, a blade mounted to reciprocate relative tosaid casing, means -within said casing for reciprocatingvsaid blade comprising an electromagnet, and an armature adapted to'be vibrated thereby, and means extending outside said casing for adjusting said magnet relative to said arma- -by said magnet. can be yshifted relative to 

